If your doctor suspects that your hypomania or mania is caused by a mental disorder, they will use the diagnostic criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition DSM-5 to determine which mental disorder it is. Treatment may vary depending on the underlying condition leading to your hypomania and mania.
Mania may require different treatment than hypomania. To treat your hypomania, you may have to take:. In some cases, your doctor may prescribe benzodiazepines , which are used for anxiety disorders and have been shown to help with certain symptoms of mania. These are generally used short term. Hypomania and mania both require treatment, so if you suspect that you have any of the above symptoms or someone has expressed concerns about your mood changes, you should see your doctor.
There may not be a way to prevent mania and hypomania completely, but you can avoid certain triggers that can increase your chances of having more frequent manic or hypomanic episodes, such as:.
You should also eat a healthy diet and get enough sleep. Sleep, especially, is vital because a lack of sleep can trigger a manic episode. There are some coping strategies that can help you manage manic or hypomanic episodes more effectively.
They include:. Hypomania and mania can both cause elevated energy and mood, as well as irritability, but hypomania symptoms are less severe. They are associated with different types of bipolar disorder. Hypomania symptoms are part of bipolar II disorder, while mania symptoms are characteristics of bipolar I disorder. Hypomania and mania can also be caused by certain physical conditions.
Living with mania or hypomania can be challenging. Often mania and hypomania are symptoms of an underlying bipolar disorder. It is important to establish a relationship with a psychiatrist to help you cope with and manage hypomanic and manic episodes.
Hypomania and mania present similarly, but mania is more serious. Both of these types of mood episodes can be associated with serious episodes of depression. The symptoms of hypomania and mania are similar except that mania symptoms are more severe and potentially longer lasting than hypomania symptoms.
Mania symptoms may be so severe that you require hospitalization. Manic depression is the name formerly used for what is now known as bipolar disorder. Many things can trigger a manic episode. High levels of stress can play a role in the onset of mania. A manic episode can also be triggered by changes in your sleep patterns or the use of alcohol and recreational drugs. Between episodes, the individual may feel normal or have mild, lingering symptoms.
People who have bipolar 2 disorder have hypomania. If a full manic episode occurs, a diagnosis of bipolar 1 is usually more appropriate. Hypomania and mania share many symptoms. The distinguishing factor is the severity of these symptoms.
Mania is so severe that a person cannot carry on with their usual activities. In more extreme cases, they may need immediate hospital care. A person with hypomania may be able to carry on as usual.
Family and friends may notice that the individual is acting differently even if the person does not realize it is happening. However, they should still seek medical help for their condition to prevent the symptoms worsening. One study found that people were more likely to engage in risky behavior during hypomanic episodes. This included spending large amounts of money, using alcohol or drugs excessively, dangerous driving, or engaging in risky, sexual behavior.
People experiencing mania but not hypomania may also have delusions, hallucinations, or manic stupor. If a person does not receive effective treatment for hypomania, they may be at risk of it developing into mania, although this is not always the case. The symptoms of both mania and hypomania involve feeling very happy, on an emotional high, and feeling more energetic and creative.
In some cases, an episode of mania or hypomania can be mixed with one of depression. Specialists call this a mixed features episode. When this mix happens, a person may feel energized while also feeling depressed, hopeless, or empty. Certain life events or activities can cause an episode of mania or hypomania. These episodes are called triggers. Thus, experts tend to believe that bipolar II disorder is equally if not more disabling than bipolar I disorder because it can lead to more lifetime days spent depressed and not doing as well overall between episodes.
As with many mental health conditions, bipolar disorder is associated with a certain stigma in society, which may make coping with the condition more difficult for you or a loved one. Whether or not someone with bipolar faces stigma directly, know that the best way to cope with the condition is to connect with others who are experiencing it and get professional help. You can also fight stigma to help you cope better, and read up on your rights. Bipolar disorder can occur in kids of any age.
With a timely diagnosis, a treatment plan for symptom management can be better established. Bipolar disorder is a complex mood disorder. If you are worried that you or a loved one has symptoms of a bipolar episode, seek medical attention for a proper evaluation. Although bipolar is not curable, it is treatable. With the right medication and support, symptoms can be managed to the point where quality of life isn't drastically affected. Dealing with racing thoughts?
Always feeling tired? Our guide offers strategies to help you or your loved one live better with bipolar disorder. Sign up for our newsletter and get it free. Bipolar II compared with bipolar I disorder: baseline characteristics and treatment response to quetiapine in a pooled analysis of five placebo-controlled clinical trials of acute bipolar depression.
Ann Gen Psychiatry. Culpepper L. The diagnosis and treatment of bipolar disorder: decision-making in primary care. National Institute of Mental Health. Bipolar Disorder. Updated April The genetics of bipolar disorder. Singh A, Kar SK. How Electroconvulsive Therapy Works? Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci. Manic episodes include various symptoms such as racing thoughts, exaggerated ideas, rapid speech, restlessness, and irritability. More severe symptoms of mania include delusion, paranoia, and hallucinations.
Episodes usually last one week or more. As the name suggests, hypomania is a less severe form of mania that lasts at least four days. It is a characteristic of bipolar II disorder as well as cyclothymic disorder. It still increases your energy, but not on the same significant scale as mania does. The symptoms are still noticeable and can result in restlessness, racing thoughts, a decreased need for sleep, becoming easily distracted, and engaging in risky behavior. Still, hypomanic states are noticeable to those around you and cause a noticeable change in your behavior.
As you can see, mania and hypomania have many similarities that can make them confusing for most people to identify. However, doctors can provide an accurate diagnosis depending on the severity and longevity of your symptoms.
For example, if your symptoms last a week, the doctor will most likely diagnose you with mania. However, a diagnosis can be made in a shorter amount of time if the symptoms are severe enough for you to be hospitalized. To be diagnosed with hypomania, you must exhibit at least three of the symptoms listed above for four days. Once you have a diagnosis, you can begin seeking treatment to manage your symptoms. To treat manic and hypomanic symptoms, doctors will usually use a combination of psychotherapy and medication.
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